Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 10 de 10
Filter
1.
Rev. bras. anestesiol ; 66(4): 414-417,
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-787620

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background and objectives: Multiple sclerosis is a demyelinating disease of the brain and spinal cord, characterized by muscle weakness, cognitive dysfunction, memory loss, and personality disorders. Factors that promote disease exacerbation are stress, physical trauma, infection, surgery, and hyperthermia. The objective is to describe the anesthetic management of a case referred to urological surgery. Case report: A female patient, 44 years of age, with multiple sclerosis, diagnosed with nephrolithiasis, referred for endoscopic ureterolythotripsy. Balanced general anesthesia was chosen, with midazolam, propofol and remifentanil target-controlled infusion; sevoflurane via laryngeal mask airway; and spontaneous ventilation. Because the patient had respiratory difficulty presenting with chest wall rigidity, it was decided to discontinue the infusion of remifentanil. There was no other complication or exacerbation of disease postoperatively. Conclusion: The use of neuromuscular blockers (depolarizing and non-depolarizing) is a problem in these patients. As there was no need for muscle relaxation in this case, muscle relaxants were omitted. We conclude that the combination of propofol and sevoflurane was satisfactory, not resulting in hemodynamic instability or disease exacerbation.


Resumo Justificativa e objetivos: Esclerose múltipla é doença desmielinizante do cérebro e da medula espinhal, caracterizada por fraqueza muscular, disfunção cognitiva, perda da memória, alterações de personalidade. Fatores que promovem exacerbação da doença são estresse, trauma físico, infecções, cirurgias, hipertermia. O objetivo é descrever a abordagem anestésica de um caso encaminhado a cirurgia urológica. Relato de caso: Paciente do sexo feminino, 44 anos, portadora de esclerose múltipla, com o diagnóstico de nefrolitíase, é encaminhada a ureterolitotripsia endoscópica. Optou-se por anestesia geral balanceada com midazolam, propofol e remifentanil em infusão alvo-controlada, sevoflurano sob máscara laríngea e ventilação espontânea. Tendo apresentado dificuldade ventilatória por tórax rígido, optou-se por interromper a infusão de remifentanil. Não se registraram outras intercorrências nem exacerbação da doença no pós-operatório. Conclusão: O uso de bloqueadores neuromusculares (tanto despolarizantes como não-despolarizantes) constitui um problema nestes pacientes. Como não havia necessidade de relaxamento muscular neste caso, eles foram omitidos. Concluímos que a associação de propofol e sevoflurano foi satisfatória, não resultando em instabilidade hemodinâmica nem exacerbação da doença.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Urologic Surgical Procedures/methods , Nephrolithiasis/surgery , Nephrolithiasis/complications , Anesthesia, General/methods , Multiple Sclerosis/complications , Multiple Sclerosis/surgery
2.
Biol. Res ; 45(3): 257-268, 2012. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-659283

ABSTRACT

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating immune-mediated disease of the central nervous system (CNS). It is the most frequent neurological disease in young adults and affects over 2 million people worldwide. Current treatments reduce the relapse rate and the formation of inflammatory lesions in the CNS, but with only temporary and limited success. Despite the presence of endogenous oligodendroglial progenitors (OPCs) and of spontaneous remyelination, at least in early MS its levels and its qualities are apparently insufficient for a sustained endogenous functional repair. Therefore, novel MS therapies should consider not only immunemodulatory but also myelin repair activities. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) represent an attractive alternative to develop a cell-based therapy for MS. MSCs display stromal features and exert bystander immunemodulatory and neuroprotective activities. Importantly, MSCs induce oligodendrocyte fate decision and differentiation/maturation of adult neural progenitors, suggesting the existence of MSC-derived remyelination activity. Moreover, transplanted MSCs promote functional recovery and myelin repair in different MS animal models. Here, we summarize the current knowledge on endogenous mechanisms for remyelination and proposed autologous MSC therapy as a promising strategy for MS treatment.


Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation/methods , Multiple Sclerosis/surgery , Myelin Sheath/pathology , Cell Differentiation , Multiple Sclerosis/pathology , Myelin Sheath/physiology , Nerve Regeneration
3.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 69(3): 525-527, June 2011.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-592515

ABSTRACT

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurological disease that typically affects young adults. A recent publication suggested that MS might originate from insufficient blood drainage in certain areas of the central nervous system. The condition was named chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI). Other papers have not confirmed these findings and, therefore, the matter remains controversial. Nineteen months after the original publication on CCSVI and MS, another 22 papers have been published addressing the matter. No clinical trials have been carried out on the subject and there is no evidence-based indication to perform surgical vascular procedures in MS patients. However, over the same nineteen-month period, the internet discussion on the subject of CCSVI and MS has led to countless websites advertising treatment using vascular surgery for patients with MS all over the world. The treatment based on the CCSVI theory has appealingly been called "liberation treatment", thus making it difficult to explain to patients why a treatment that has been highly praised (on the internet) cannot be recommended based on partial medical results that await confirmation.


Esclerose múltipla (EM) é uma doença neurológica crônica que tipicamente afeta adultos jovens. Uma recente publicação sugeriu que EM poderia se originar por insuficiência da drenagem sanguínea em certas áreas do sistema nervoso central. Esta condição foi denominada insuficiência venosa cerebroespinal crônica (CCSVI). Outros artigos não confirmaram estes achados e, portanto, o tema continua controverso. Dezenove meses após a publicação original sobre CCSVI e EM, outros 22 trabalhos foram publicados sobre este tema. Nenhum estudo clínico foi feito e não existe evidência para a realização de procedimentos cirúrgicos vasculares em pacientes com EM. No entanto, neste mesmo período de dezenove meses, a discussão na internet sobre o assunto CCSVI e EM levou a uma quantidade incontável de websites anunciando tratamento por cirurgia vascular para pacientes com EM no mundo todo. O tratamento baseado na teoria de CCSVI tem sido chamado de "tratamento de liberação", tornando difícil explicar aos pacientes porque um tratamento tão elogiado (na internet) não pode ser recomendado com base nos resultados médicos parciais que ainda aguardam confirmação.


Subject(s)
Humans , Information Dissemination , Internet , Multiple Sclerosis/surgery , Venous Insufficiency/complications , Bibliometrics , Chronic Disease , Evidence-Based Medicine , Multiple Sclerosis/etiology , Patient Education as Topic
5.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 68(4): 522-527, Aug. 2010. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-555228

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of autologous hematopoetic stem cell transplantation (autoHSCT) in the health related quality of life (HRQL) in patients with multiple sclerosis. METHOD: The sample consisted of 34 patients, over 18 years old, treated at a University Hospital in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. For data collection MOS SF-36 and EDSS scales were applied at three time points: admission of the patient, hospital discharge and 1 year posttransplantation. RESULTS: 27 patients (79 percent) showed stabilization or neurological improvement 1 year posttransplantation. At this time point, there was statistically significant improvement in all domains of the HRQoL. When EDSS scores were correlated with the domains of the MOS SF-36 scale, statistically significant correlations were found with physical functioning at the three time points analysed. CONCLUSION: In spite of the high risk of complications of the procedure, the HSCT had positive impact in the health related quality of life.


OBJETIVO: Avaliar o impacto do transplante de células-tronco hematopoéticas (TCTH) na qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde (QVRS) de pacientes com esclerose múltipla (EM). MÉTODO: A amostra foi composta por 34 sujeitos, maiores de 18 anos, atendidos em um hospital-escola do interior do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Para coleta de dados foram aplicados os instrumentos MOS SF-36 e EDSS. RESULTADOS: 27 (79 por cento) sujeitos apresentaram estabilização ou melhora neurológica um ano após o TCTH. Decorrido um ano do procedimento, houve melhora estatisticamente significativa em todos os domínios da QVRS. Ao relacionar os escores da EDSS com os domínios do MOS SF-36, foram encontradas diferenças estatisticamente significantes na Funcionalidade nos três momentos do TCTH. CONCLUSÃO: Apesar do elevado risco de complicações, pode-se afirmar que o TCTH repercutiu positivamente na apreciação que o paciente faz de sua QVRS.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation , Multiple Sclerosis/surgery , Quality of Life , Longitudinal Studies , Multiple Sclerosis/psychology , Quality of Life/psychology , Socioeconomic Factors , Transplantation, Autologous , Treatment Outcome
6.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 68(2): 153-163, mar.-abr. 2008. ilus, graf, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-633533

ABSTRACT

El trasplante de células progenitoras hematopoyéticas, células con capacidad de autorrenovación y reconstitución de todos los tipos de células sanguíneas, se utiliza en el tratamiento de numerosas enfermedades potencialmente letales incluyendo leucemias y linfomas. Hoy en día es posible además aplicarlo en el tratamiento de enfermedades autoinmunes graves, como esclerosis múltiple, lupus eritematoso sistémico o esclerosis sistémica, resistentes a la terapia convencional. Estudios en modelos animales nos demuestran que la transferencia de células progenitoras hematopoyéticas podría revertir el proceso de autoinmunidad, un fenómeno que puede explicarse mediante diferentes mecanismos. El resultado de los estudios clínicos que se están llevando a cabo, así como también estudios en pacientes y modelos animales, ayudarán a determinar el rol que el transplante de células progenitoras hematopoyéticas puede jugar en el tratamiento de enfermedades autoinmunes.


Transplantation of hematopoietic stem cells, which are capable of self renewal and reconstitution of all types of blood cells, can be a treatment for numerous potential lethal diseases, including leukemias and lymphomas. It may now be applicable for the treatment of severe autoimmune diseases, such as therapy-resistant multiple sclerosis, lupus and systemic sclerosis. Studies in animal models show that the transfer of hematopoietic stem cells can reverse autoimmunity. The outcome of ongoing clinical trials, as well as of studies in patients and animal models, will help to determine the role that stem-cell transplantation can play in the treatment of autoimmune diseases.


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Humans , Male , Mice , Autoimmune Diseases/surgery , Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation , Autoimmune Diseases/pathology , Disease Progression , Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/pathology , Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/surgery , Multiple Sclerosis/pathology , Multiple Sclerosis/surgery , Scleroderma, Systemic/pathology , Scleroderma, Systemic/surgery , Transplantation Conditioning , Transplantation, Autologous
7.
Gac. méd. Méx ; 140(5): 531-539, sep.-oct. 2004. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-632180

ABSTRACT

Las enfermedades autoinmunes se caracterizan por una respuesta del sistema inmune del individuo hacia tejidos propios. Una línea de investigación actual es el tratamiento de estas enfermedades y el desarrollo de tolerancia. Una de las opciones en la búsqueda del desarrollo de tolerancia es el trasplante autólogo de médula ósea: la variantes del trasplante de médula ósea que hace uso de células progenitoras hematopoyéticas propias. La posibilidad de usar este tipo de trasplante como tratamiento de enfermedades autoinmunes se originó en los hallazgos de remisiones de enfermedades autoinmunes coexistentes, en pacientes que eran trasplantados por enfermedades oncológicas. En esta revisión presentemos el fundamento teórico de este tratamiento, así como una recopilación de los estudios preclínicos y clínicos más relevantes en esta materia. Aunque algún reporte inicial puso en duda la utilidad de dicho procedimiento, en general, los resultados son alentadores. Es necesario que más pacientes en diversos estadios de las enfermedades autoinmunes sean referidos a centros especializados de manera que sea posible recopilar la información de manera ordenada y sistemática, y se pueda arribar a un conocimiento sobre el papel que juega este tipo de tratamiento en las enfermedades autoinmunes.


Autoimmune diseases are characterized by immune response against self antigens. One of the current research interests in this field is oriented toward development of tolerance. One of the newest options in the search for tolerance is autologous bone marrow transpiantation: a variant of bone marrow transplant in which the patient's own hematopoietic stem cells are reinfused after myeloablative therapy. The idea of using bone marrow transplant in treatment of autoimmune diseases derived from observing remission in autoinmune diseases in patients transplanted due to coexisting neoplastic disease. Although an isolated initial report of bone marrow transplant as treatment for autoimmune disease questioned the utility of this procedure, over all, results are encouraging. To compile information in a programmed and systematic manner, it is necessary to send more patients in all stages of immune diseases to specialized centers to be included in large multicenter randomized trials. In time, the role for this procedure in autoimmune diseases will become clear.


Subject(s)
Humans , Autoimmune Diseases/surgery , Bone Marrow Transplantation , Arthritis, Juvenile/surgery , Arthritis, Rheumatoid/surgery , Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/surgery , Multiple Sclerosis/surgery , Scleroderma, Systemic/surgery , Treatment Outcome
10.
Rev. invest. clín ; 50(3): 217-20, mayo-jun. 1998. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-234127

ABSTRACT

Objetivo. Describir las características clínicas y etiológicas en niños con síndrome de Parinaud. Material y métodos. De 1987 a 1996 se estudiaron 11 pacientes con edades entre 10 meses y 14 años con un promedio de 10 años. Todos los pacientes competaron los criterios clínicos de síndrome de Parinaud. Resultados. La etiología fue tomoral en siete pacientes (4 con germinoma de la región pineal, y 3 secundarios a teratoma, astrocitoma, y tumor talámico). En los 4 casos restantes el diagnóstico fue quiste aracnoideo del II ventrículo, cisticercosis, tuberculoma y esclerosis múltiple. El manejo fue principalmente de remoción quirúrgica y colocación de válvula de derivación ventrículo-peritoneal en los casos de hidrocefalia por obstrucción en la dinámica del líquido cefalorraquídeo; la quimioterapia se adicionaron al tratamiento en los casos de tumor; el empleo de esteroides se limitó al caso de esclerosis múltiple, y el tratamiento antifimico al tuberculoma. Conclusiones. El síndrome de Parinaud en niños difiere clínica y etiológicamente de lo observado en adultos. Los procesos tumorales ocurrieron en más del 60 por ciento de los niños. La atención en estructuras diencefálicas por procesos tumorales ocurrieron en más del 60 por ciento de los niños. La alteración en estructuras diencefálicas por procesos ocupativos interrumpieron conexiones aferentes de las estructuras de la comisura posterior, el riMFLo del núcleo intersticial de Cajal en nuestros casos


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Astrocytoma/surgery , Brain Neoplasms/surgery , Multiple Sclerosis/surgery , Eye Manifestations , Germinoma/surgery , Hydrocephalus/surgery , Ocular Motility Disorders/etiology , Ophthalmoplegia/etiology , Syndrome , Teratoma/surgery , Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL